迪拜水泥短缺 建材市場向黑市發(fā)展
承包商們說,整個(gè)建材短缺不僅使阿聯(lián)酋建材價(jià)格上漲,也讓建材市場向黑市發(fā)展。在過去的三個(gè)星期中,水泥的價(jià)格從每50公斤13.5 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)上漲到18-20迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位),一些人現(xiàn)在每50公斤賣25 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)或者每噸500 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位),水泥嚴(yán)重短缺?!昂鸵荒昵暗拿?0公斤8 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)相比,現(xiàn)在是三倍的價(jià)格。這就是我們所說的黑市剝削”,一位承包商說,“有關(guān)人士已干預(yù)此事,極力阻止這種可怕的事情發(fā)生,控制價(jià)格和水泥調(diào)配?!比欢蟼€(gè)月,水泥價(jià)格從每噸270 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)上漲到350-360迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)。上個(gè)月內(nèi)每噸增長了120迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位),在過去的六個(gè)月中,價(jià)格漲了兩倍多。5月1日,每50公斤水泥價(jià)格是13.5 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位),到了5月12日,漲到17.5 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)。“在一般的建筑中,水泥或水泥基本材料的消耗不會(huì)超過整個(gè)項(xiàng)目消費(fèi)的30%,現(xiàn)在特別不正常,承包商們正面臨保護(hù)消費(fèi)膨脹條約缺乏的嚴(yán)峻形勢”,另外一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)爻邪陶f。
由于過去幾個(gè)月建筑項(xiàng)目較密集,水泥的供求差距越來越大,目前當(dāng)?shù)厮嗍袌鲆延袃砂偃f噸的水泥供應(yīng)短缺。然而當(dāng)?shù)仄渲惺宜鄰S每年的總產(chǎn)量也只有大約八百萬噸,而水泥消耗已超過一千萬噸。因此,許多依靠當(dāng)?shù)刂圃焐坦?yīng)水泥的項(xiàng)目要么就暫時(shí)停止建設(shè),要么直接到水泥廠付現(xiàn)金購買水泥?!霸谝恍┣闆r下,盡管我們愿意付現(xiàn)金,廠家還是不供應(yīng),水泥實(shí)在太緊張”, 承包商的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)指出,“一些水泥制造商拒絕發(fā)貨給連續(xù)付現(xiàn)金直接購買的調(diào)配商或代理商,用這種方式來極力壓榨倒霉的承包商,” 另外一個(gè)承包商說。
“在鋼材需求減慢,鋼材價(jià)格有所降低的時(shí)候,水泥短缺卻象閃電一樣出現(xiàn),” Alam Traders 的主管Shyam Bhatia說。一年前鋼材的價(jià)格是每噸2450 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)以上,上個(gè)月卡塔爾鋼降到每噸2500-300迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)而土耳其鋼每噸是2000 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)?!八辔C(jī)將使建筑行業(yè)產(chǎn)生振蕩,如果水泥的價(jià)格和短缺一直保持這種水平,那么許多承包商將不能按他們的預(yù)算準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成項(xiàng)目。如果情況繼續(xù)下去,沒有人干預(yù),部分承包商將蒙受巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,”他說。由于水泥價(jià)格的上漲,其他水泥相關(guān)產(chǎn)品如空心砌磚,預(yù)攪拌混凝土,鋼筋混凝土的消耗也相應(yīng)地增加??招钠龃u目前的價(jià)格是2.40 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位),一年前的價(jià)格是1.25 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)每塊。預(yù)攪拌混凝土每立方米從110 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)漲到225迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位),鋼筋混凝土每立方米800-900 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)。“在阿拉伯,由于水泥價(jià)格的上漲,燃料的價(jià)格也上漲。一個(gè)月內(nèi),20立方米的裝載價(jià)格上漲480 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位)到640 迪拉姆(阿聯(lián)酋貨幣單位),”一位承包商指出,“不難猜測我們要存儲(chǔ)些什么。在我們的合同中沒有任何的針對(duì)于基本材料價(jià)格上漲的條款保護(hù)我們,我們被不可避免的嚴(yán)重?fù)p失包圍著,”一位承包商悲哀地說。
原文:
Cement shortage sparks black market trend
BY ISAAC JOHN
27 May 2004
DUBAI - Contractors in the UAE, embattled by a consistent hike in prices of most building materials, are now getting deeper into a crisis in the backdrop of an acute short supply of cement and a consequent cost escalation.
Contractors say the shortfall in supply across the UAE has not only triggered a steep price rally but also set off an unusual black market trend in the UAE.
In the past three weeks, although the factory cash price of cement has gone up from Dh13.5 per 50-kilo bag (as on May 1) to Dh18-20, some traders are now selling it at Dh25 per bag or Dh500 per tonne, citing grave scarcity. "Compared with Dh8 per bag a year ago, this is a three-fold increase. And this is what we call exploitation by black market operators," said a contractor. "Authorities have to intervene to stop this ominous trend and ensure price control and fair distribution."
The price of cement has surged from Dh270 to Dh350-360 per tonne in the past one month. "In three months, it has shot up by Dh120 per tonnes and in the last six months, the price has more than doubled. On May 1, a 50-kilo bag was priced at Dh13.5 and by May 12, it shot up to Dh17.5. And in a normal construction scenario, where the intake of cement or cement based materials constitute not less that 30 per cent of the total project cost, this is an absolute abnormality and contractors are facing a grave situation in the absence of a protective cost-escalation clause," said another local contractor.
With the building activity gathering more momentum over the past few months, the demand-supply gap has widened so much that there is currently a shortage of more than two million tonnes of cement in the local market. While the total annual production by some 10 local factories is just around eight million tonnes, the off take has exceeded 10 million tonnes. Consequently, most projects that are heavily dependent on supply from local manufacturers are facing the prospect of either temporarily halting the construction activity or purchasing directly from cement manufacturers by paying cash. "But in some cases, even if we offer to pay cash, manufacturers are not supplying, citing acute short supply," pointed out the leading contractor.
"Some cement manufacturers are trying to exploit the hapless contractors by refusing to sell through distributors or agents as they can insist on cash payment on direct purchases," said another contractor.
"The cement shock came like bolt from the blue at a time when the industry was just heaving a sigh of relief with the steel prices starting to ease on slower demand from China," according to Shyam Bhatia, Managing Director of Alam Traders.
Steel prices, which have surged by more than 100 per cent a year ago to more than Dh2, 450 per tonne last month have dropped to Dh2, 500-300 for Qatar steel and to Dh2, 000 for Turkish steel.
"The cement crisis is destabilising the construction industry and if the shortfall and price surge sustain at this level, most contractors will not be able to complete their projects on time and within the estimated cost limit. Many of them will have to suffer huge losses if the situation persists without any intervention from the authorities," he said.
Subsequent to the cement price hike, the cost of all cement based products including hollow blocks, ready mix and RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) has also considerably gone up.
Hollow blocks are currently priced at Dh2.40, up from some Dh1.25 per piece a year ago. The price of ready mix has soared from dh110 per cubic metre to Dh225 and RCC to Dh800-900 per cubic metre.
Also contributing to the building material price increase is the recent fuel price hike implemented in the UAE.
The price of one load of 20 cubic metre of aggregate has shot from Dh480 to Dh640 within a month, pointed out a contractor. "It is not hard to guess what is in store for many of us. As there is no clauses in our contracts to guard us against price increases of basic materials, we are bracing for the inevitable - heavy losses," lamented a contractor.
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